What is a Colorectal Cancer Screening

Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, it is estimated that in 2021, there will be 104,270 new cases of colon cancer and 45,230 new cases of rectal cancer. Colorectal cancer screening is an important tool for early detection and prevention of this disease. In this article, we will explore what colorectal cancer screening is, why it’s important, and the different types of screening tests available.

What is Colorectal Cancer Screening?

Colorectal cancer screening is a process that involves checking the colon and rectum for abnormal growths or polyps that can lead to cancer. The goal of screening is to detect these growths early so that they can be removed before they become cancerous. Screening can also detect colorectal cancer in its early stages when it is more easily treated and has a higher chance of cure.

Why is Colorectal Cancer Screening Important?

Colorectal cancer often develops without any noticeable symptoms in its early stages. By the time symptoms do appear, the cancer may have grown and spread, making it harder to treat. Regular screening can help detect colorectal cancer early, when it is more likely to be treated successfully.

Who Should Get Colorectal Screening?

The American Cancer Society recommends that people at average risk of colorectal cancer start regular screening at age 45. People at higher risk, such as those with a family history of colorectal cancer or certain genetic conditions, may need to start screening earlier and/or have more frequent screening. It’s important to talk to your healthcare provider about your risk factors and when you should start screening.

Types of Cancer Screening Tests There are several different types of colorectal screening tests available. Here are some of the most common:

1. Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) – This test checks for blood in the stool, which can be a sign of colorectal cancer. The test is done at home using a kit provided by your healthcare provider. You collect a small sample of stool and send it to a lab for analysis.
2. Stool DNA Test – This test also checks for blood in the stool, as well as DNA changes that may be a sign of colorectal cancer. The test is done at home using a kit provided by your healthcare provider. You collect a sample of stool and send it to a lab for analysis.
3. Colonoscopy – This test uses a flexible tube with a camera and light on the end to examine the entire colon and rectum. During the procedure, any abnormal growths or polyps can be removed for testing. Colonoscopies are typically done every 10 years.
4. Flexible Sigmoidoscopy – This test uses a flexible tube with a camera and light on the end to examine the lower part of the colon and rectum. Any abnormal growths or polyps can be removed for testing. Flexible sigmoidoscopies are typically done every 5 years.
5. CT Colonography – This test uses CT scanning technology to create detailed images of the colon and rectum. Any abnormal growths or polyps can be detected and removed for testing. CT colonographies are typically done every 5 years.

Conclusion

Booking a Colorectal cancer screening is an important tool for early detection and prevention of this disease. Regular screening can help detect colorectal cancer early, when it is more easily treated and has a higher chance of cure. There are several different types of screening tests available, and the type of test you need may depend on your individual risk factors. Talk to your healthcare provider about your risk factors and when you should start screening. Find out more information on Goverment Colon Screening guidelines here